Monday, 20 March 2017

How to do Layout of Building while construction.




Usually, Lay outing is basic work to get the foundation on ground. If layouting was done in proper way then the foundation will be good. A real meaning and purpose of setting out (layout) is to transfer the plan, length and width of its foundation on the ground so that the foundation can be excavated for construction of purposed building as per drawing. 
The following preliminary works should be executed before actual planning of layout for the house.
             Clean the site
             Record spot levels of the ground.
             Construct a permanent bench mark in construction area. 
Base Line
For setting out /layout, the most important requirement is to establish a baseline. This is marked on the ground as per site plan requirement with the help of offsets which are taken from the existing road or existing building.  
Centre Line
Centre line divides the plan into two equal parts. This can be marked in the field with the help of baseline. This line is very necessary and useful for layout. This line should be transferred to Burjis and be kept up to the completion of foundation work.
'Burjis' and its' Distance
Burji or marking pillars are masonry pillars constructed with bricks and cement mortar. These are constructed on both ends of walls /columns and center line should be marked on the top surface of the burjis with the help of base line. Burji is also constructed for indicating the plinth level of the building. Burjis are very useful for the layout. Accuracy of the foundation can be checked with the help of Burji at any time during construction. Burjis should be kept intact till completion of foundation work.
Demarcation/layout Procedure

The following procedure is recommended for demarcation of a building. 
             For layout of a building baseline is marked on the ground either from centre line of the road or from any permanent building nearby. This line helps to mark out the front of a building. Side baseline is also marked with the help of side structure or road or it can be marked with the help of first baseline or boundary of the plot.
             Fix temporary pegs at the centre line of walls/columns on both sides of walls and columns in front and back side.
             Fix peg at the centre line of walls/columns on both sides of wall and columns in left and right side of front of building.
             Check diagonals of the square or rectangle formed after fixing pegs.
             Construct Burji or marking pillars with pegs at a distance of 1.5 meter to 2 meters and their top surface should be plastered.
             Mark centre line on the top of Burjis with the help of thread (Soot) or with the The dolite in big projects and the diagonal and other dimension should be checked.
             Level Burji on all corners of building and the top level is fixed at a proposed plinth level.
             Mark the foundation of walls/columns according to drawing on the ground with the help of centerline marked on the Burji.
             Mark foundation trenches on the ground with chalk powder.
             Excavate the foundation of the walls /columns up to required level and the excavation must be checked with the help of centre line and level burji to avoid any complication later on.  

Materials used during Setting up of Layout
1.            Leveling Instrument
2.            Balli
3.            Long Nails
4.            Hammer
5.            Right Angle(Guniya)
6.            Steel Tape
7.            Thin Cotton Thread
8.            Bricks
9.            Cement
10.          Screen Sand
11.          Lime Powder
12.          Theodolite

for more visit us ar www.archplanest.com or send a mail at archplanest@gmail.com

No comments:

Post a Comment